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  They were a: For information concerning the Kawésqar and other inhabitants of the region, I drew on several sources. They included Junius B. Bird’s Travels and Archaeology in South Chile; Lucas E Bridges’s Uttermost Part of the Earth: Indians of Tierra del Fuego; Arnoldo Canclini’s The Fuegian Indians: Their Life, Habits, and History; Chapman’s European Encounters with the Yamana People of Cape Horn, Before and After Darwin; John M. Cooper’s Analytical and Critical Bibliography of the Tribes of Tierra del Fuego and Adjacent Territory; Joseph Emperaire’s Los Nomades del Mar; Martin Gusinde’s The Lost Tribes of Tierra del Fuego: Selk’nam, Yamana, Kawésqar; Diego Carabias Amor’s essay “The Spanish Attempt Salvage,” published in Layman’s The Wager Disaster; Samuel Kirkland Lothrop’s The Indians of Tierra del Fuego; Colin McEwan, Luis Alberto Borrero, and Alfredo Prieto’s edited Patagonia: Natural History, Prehistory, and Ethnography at the Uttermost End of the Earth; Omar Reyes’s The Settlement of the Chonos Archipelago, Western Patagonia, Chile; and Julian H. Steward’s Handbook of South American Indians. In addition, I benefited from the detailed information and exhibits about the Kawésqar and Yaghan at the Martin Gusinde Anthropological Museum and the Chilean Museum of Pre-Columbian Art.

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  party of Kawésqar: Over the years foreigners often referred to these people by other names as well, including Alacaluf. The descendants, however, consider Kawésqar their authentic name.

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  no credible evidence: The Yaghan didn’t even consume vultures, because they might have pecked on human carcasses.

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  “Home could”: Chapman, European Encounters with the Yamana People of Cape Horn, Before and After Darwin, 186.

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  “happy people”: Instructions to Commodore Anson, 1740, printed in Williams, ed., Documents Relating to Anson’s Voyage Round the World, 41.

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  “When they”: Pigafetta and Skelton, Magellan’s Voyage, 48.

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  several Kawésqar were abducted: In 2008, the remains of five of these kidnap victims were discovered in a collection at the Anthropological Institute and Museum at the University of Zurich. They were eventually returned to Chile and given a proper Kawésqar burial—the bones anointed with oil, placed in protective sea-lion skins and reed baskets, and deposited in a cave. For more information, see “Remains of Indigenous Abductees Back Home After 130 Years,” Spiegel, Jan. 13, 2010.

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  “signs of friendship”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 33.

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  tried to communicate: For more information on the Kawésqar’s distinctive language, see Jack Hitt’s piece “Say No More,” published in The New York Times Magazine, February 29, 2004. He notes how the Kawésqar had numerous subtle distinctions for denoting the past: “You can say, ‘A bird flew by.’ And by the use of different tenses, you can mean a few seconds ago, a few days ago, a time so long ago that you were not the original observer of the bird (but you know the observer yourself) and, finally, a mythological past, a tense the Kawésqar use to suggest that the story is so old that it no longer possesses fresh descriptive truth but rather that other truth which emerges from stories that retain their narrative power despite constant repetition.”

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  “They uttered no”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 34.

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  “They were strangely”: Ibid., 33.

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  “extremely courteous”: Campbell, The Sequel to Bulkeley and Cummins’s “Voyage to the South Seas,” 20.

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  “treated them”: Ibid., 19.

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  “the largest and”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 16.

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  “good example”: Campbell, The Sequel to Bulkeley and Cummins’s “Voyage to the South Seas,” 20.

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  “much reconciled”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 45.

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  “They bend”: Ibid., 125–26.

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  brought this bark: The Kawésqar also often used pelts from seals to cover the roofs and walls of their dwellings.

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  “The Indians are”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 27.

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  “Diving to the”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 133.

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  “from which several”: Ibid., 134.

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  “Their agility”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 28.

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  “it seems as”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 133.

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  “very sagacious”: Ibid., 100.

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  “This method”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 58.

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  “now subject”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 45.

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  “Could we have”: Ibid.

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  CHAPTER 12

  “This creature grew”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 36.

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  “shorter allowance”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 29.

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  “Our living”: Ibid., 54.

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  “beat with such”: Ibid., 56.

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  “ever met”: Ibid, 30.

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  “are so extremely”: Ibid., 46.

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  “we thought no”: Ibid., 55.

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  “The pressing calls”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 47.

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  What could they: George Gordon, Lord Byron, The Complete Works of Lord Byron, 715.

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  “rambled wither”: Campbell, The Sequel to Bulkeley and Cummins’s “Voyage to the South Seas,” 20.

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  “stabbed in”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 40.

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  “no less than”: Ibid., 38.

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  “the spirits”: Ibid, 102–3.

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  “continually exclaiming”: Campbell, The Sequel to Bulkeley and Cummins’s “Voyage to the South Seas,” 20.

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  “state of anarchy”: Ibid., 17.

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  “absolutely uncertain”: Ibid., 20.

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  “Liking none”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 36.

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  “really make”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 57.

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  “lest he”: Thomas à Kempis, The Christian’s Pattern, or, A Treatise of the Imitation of Jesus Christ, 20.

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  “in the same”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 44.

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  “villainous practices”: Ibid., 47.

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  to “consult”: Ibid.

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  “Strict orders”: Ibid., 20.

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  “fatigued with”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 28.

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  “disturbed by”: Ibid., 53.

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  “deep and plain”: Ibid., 56.

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  “upwards of”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 44.

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  “I really think”: Ibid.

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  “This was not”: Ibid.

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  “governed by”: Ibid., 60.

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  public trial: For more information on how courts-martial were run, see John D. Byrn, Crime and Punishment in the Royal Navy; Markus Eder, Crime and Punishment in the Royal Navy of the Seven Years’ War, 1755–1763; David Hannay, Naval Courts Martial; John M’Arthur, Principles and Practice of Naval and Military Courts Martial; Rodger, Articles of War; and Rodger, The Wooden World.

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  several officers: Cheap and other naval officers oversaw the courts-martial of seamen, while Pemberton and his officers presided over any trials of marines.

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  “crime did not”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 44.

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  “I am sure”: Quoted in Henry Baynham, From the Lower Deck, 63.

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  “a way next”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 44.

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  “lacerated back”: Leech, Thirty Years from Home, 116.

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  “When a poor”: Quoted in H. G. Thursfield, ed., Five Naval Journals, 1789–1817, 256.

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  “I endeavoured”: Report from Cheap to Lindsey, Feb. 26, 1744, JS.

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  “We, in compassion”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 67.

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  “dead and stiff”: Ibid., 68.

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  CHAPTER 13

  “perpetuate their”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 36–37.

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  “all sense”: Report from Cheap to Lindsey, Feb. 26, 1744, JS.

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  “the people”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 20.

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  “the repeated troubles”: Report from Cheap to Lindsey, Feb. 26, 1744, JS.

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  “jealous to the”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 41.

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  “With what”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 19.

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  “This day”: Ibid., 18.

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  “Though Shelvocke”: Ibid., 19.

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  “proceeded to extremities”: Report from Cheap to Lindsey, Feb. 26, 1744, JS.

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  CHAPTER 14

  “weltering in”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 40.

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  “took me”: Ibid.

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  “notorious disrespectful”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 22.

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  “The unhappy victim”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 42.

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  “But, on consideration”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 21.

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  “I see you”: Ibid., 22.

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  “open sedition”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 41.

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  “smothered for”: Ibid., 42.

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  “are always compound”: John Woodall, The Surgions Mate, 140.

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  “This was looked”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 23.

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  “who seeth”: Woodall, The Surgions Mate, 2.

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  “If he lives”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 24.

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  “for God is”: Woodall, The Surgions Mate, 139.

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  “Departed this”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 25.

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  “greatly beloved”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 42.

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  “extremely affected”: Ibid., 41.

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  “sundry ways”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 25.

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  “We buried”: Ibid.

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  CHAPTER 15

  “the love of”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, xxviii.

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  “any composure”: Ibid., 52.

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  “In this affair”: Ibid., 20.

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  “so necessary”: Byron, The Narrative of the Honourable John Byron, 43–44.

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  honed the design: For how the vessel was constructed, I benefited from the deep expertise of Brian Lavery, a leading naval historian and authority on shipbuilding, who patiently guided me through the process.

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  “They are in”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, 46.

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  “We need not”: Ibid., 66.

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  “At any time”: Narborough, Tasman, Wood, and Martens, An Account of Several Late Voyages and Discoveries to the South and North, 116.

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  “mad undertaking”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, xxviii.

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  “A man may”: Narborough, Tasman, Wood, and Martens, An Account of Several Late Voyages and Discoveries to the South and North, 118.

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  “desperate diseases”: Bulkeley and Cummins, A Voyage to the South Seas, xxviii.