d’Ydewalle, Charles. L’Union minière du Haut Katanga: De l’âge colonial à l’indépendance. Librairie Plon, 1960.

  Zhang, Hua, Simeng Zhang, and Zheda Liu. “Evolution and Influencing Factors of China’s Rural Population Distribution Patterns Since 1990.” PLOS One 15, no. 5 (May 2020).

  Zhu, Wei Xing, Li Lu, and Thérèse Hesketh. “China’s Excess Males, Sex Selective Abortion, and One Child Policy: Analysis of Data from 2005 National Intercensus Survey.” BMJ (Clinical Research Edition) 338, no. 7700 (April 2009): 920–23.

  image Credits

  1: Courtesy of the author

  2: Courtesy of Exxon Mobil Corporation

  3: Harry Pot/Anefo, Nationaal Archief /Fotocollectie Anefo

  4: JONAS EKSTROMER/TT News Agency/AFP via Getty Images

  5: Nelson Ching/Bloomberg via Getty Images

  6: Courtesy of the author

  7: Courtesy of the author

  8: Courtesy of the author

  9: Courtesy of the author

  10: Courtesy of the author

  11: Courtesy of the author

  12: Courtesy of the author

  13: Courtesy of the author

  14: Courtesy of the author

  15: Courtesy of the author

  16: Courtesy of the author

  17: Courtesy of the author

  18: Courtesy of the author

  19: Courtesy of the author

  20: Alice Seeley Harris, from the Harris Lantern Slide Collection, copyright © Anti-Slavery International. Courtesy of Anti-Slavery International.

  21: Wolf Radmann, “The Nationalization of Zaire’s Copper: From Union Minière to Gecamines,” Africa Today 25, no. 4 (1978): 28. Courtesy of the Copyright Clearance Center.

  22: Courtesy of the author

  Index

  The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of the book. Each link will take you to the beginning of the corresponding print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.

  Italicized page numbers indicate material in photographs.

  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

  A

  A123, 179, 180, 315

  ABTC. See American Battery Technology Company

  AFPK. See Alliance de Forces Populaires de Katanga

  AFREWATCH, 220, 274, 279

  Africa, Chinese relations with, 234–35, 258, 375

  Africa Confidential, 117

  Africa Intelligence (newspaper), 167, 243–44

  African Sahel, 13

  Afriland First Bank, 242

  Agence Nationale de Renseignements (ANR)

  interrogation by, 340–47

  Mbelu as head of, 345–46

  Ahuja, Geeta, 304

  Air Force, U.S., 79

  All-African Peoples’ Conference, 43–44

  Alliance de Forces Populaires de Katanga (AFPK), 348

  alternative energy, 77–78

  American Battery Technology Company (ABTC), 359

  American Mineral Fields, Inc. (AMF), 117, 119

  American Rare Earths, Sanderson at, 359

  American Recovery and Reinvestment, 180

  Amnesty International, 220, 279

  Amperex Technology Ltd. (ATL), 110, 11

  AMTE Power, 371–72

  Anderson, Robert, 60

  André (child worker), 213–16

  Anglo American Corporation, 117, 123

  Angola, 68–69

  Chinese relations with, 298–99

  Anhui, 104

  ANR. See Agence Nationale de Renseignements

  Anvil Mining, 116, 117, 254

  Katumba and, 167–68

  Apollo Energy Systems Inc., 63, 94

  Appalachia, strip mining in, 58

  Apple, 3, 12, 40, 220

  cobalt used by, 6

  critiques of, 5–6

  lithium used by, 6

  supply chain of, 6

  aquaculture, 326

  Archer, Devon, 282–83

  Argonne National Laboratory, 178, 181, 316

  Aris, Muhammad, 326, 329

  Arnot, Frederick Stanley, 32

  Aronson, Robert R., xii

  China and, 94–95, 97

  electric vehicle designed by, 61–62

  SAIC and, 95–96, 370–71

  artisanal exploitation zones, 152–53

  artisanal mining, 157–58, 161–62. See also creuseurs

  as career, 219

  cooperatives, 152–53

  formalization of, 335–36

  Gécamines and, 155

  Glencore on, 274

  Ilunga, F., on, 331–33

  Kabila, L.-D., on, 218

  Kabila Kabange on, 214

  legal enshrinement of, 152–53

  Numbi and, 287–88

  Asahi Kasei Corporation, 81, 83, 91

  Asahi Shimbun, 259

  Asimov, Isaac, 303

  ASM Database, 24

  Association of the Luba People of Katanga, 44

  Australian Non-Judicial Human Rights Redress Mechanisms Project, 327

  Authenticité program, 56

  Aviation Industry Corporation of China, 96–97

  AVZ, 317

  B

  Baar, 162

  Bahamas, 94

  Bahodopi, 183–85, 187, 245, 326–27

  shanties in, 187

  Baier, Bret, 3–4, 13

  Bakajika Banjikila, Thomas, 49

  Bakata Katanga, 268, 338, 340, 345

  Balcones Recycling, 75–76

  Bali, 324

  Balubakat party, 45

  Las Bambas mine, 254

  Bandundu, 55

  Bank of China, 249, 283

  Bank of Japan, 107–8

  Bank of Montreal, 199, 254

  Banningville, 55

  Banza Maloba, Dany, 243–44

  Baosteel, 105

  Barnett, Bradley, 361–62

  Barrick Gold, 362

  Batista, Pedro João, 30

  batteries. See also specific topics

  history of, 60–61

  invention of, 60–61

  raw materials for, 1–2

  battery industry

  in China, 9, 78, 192, 276–77

  in DRC, 352

  in Japan, 105–6

  in Korea, 108–9

  Tshisekedi Tshilombo on, 351–52

  United States involvement with, 296, 320

  battery minerals, 7

  battery passports, 334

  battery power, 3

  Battery Show, Stuttgart, 371–72

  Battle of Clear Creek, 59

  Baudouin (King), 55

  Baumann-Pauly, Dorothée, 335

  Bazano, 155–56, 157, 174–75

  Bechtel, 117

  French on, 121

  Begin, Menachem, 123

  Beijing, 51, 52–53, 195–96

  Beijing Olympics, 113

  Belgian colonialism, 20–21, 31–33, 40–42, 47, 366–68

  China and, 369–70

  Belgirate Conference, 37, 66

  Bell, Andrew, 227, 298

  Bell Labs, 66

  Belt and Road Initiative, 247–48

  Xi Jinping promoting, 256

  Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, 311, 371

  Benguela, 300

  Benguela Railway, 68, 69, 156

  Bentolila, Shlomo, 125

  Benz, Carl, 61

  Berlin Wall, 88

  the Berm, 302, 305

  beta-alumina, 36

  Beya Kasonga, François, 343–44

  Bezos, Jeff, 5, 301

  BHR Partners, 282–83

  Biden, Hunter, 283

  TFM and, 290

  Biden, Joe, 9, 283, 290

  electric vehicles and, 318

  on Inflation Reduction Act, 296

  Tshisekedi Tshilombo and, 300

  Big Power Nickel-Hydrogen Battery Co., Wang Chuanfu at, 105–6

  Big Vegetables, 56, 86, 124

  birth defects, 20

  black mass, 359

  Blade (battery), 313–14

  BMW, 315

  Boeing, 96–97

  Böhm, Richard, 30

  Bolloré, 299

  Bolme, Petter, 264–65

  Boma, 365–66

  Bondi, Pam, 13

  Bon Pasteur, 214, 219

  Boric, Gabriel, 323

  Boss Mining, 153

  Botty, Séverine, 365

  Bou Craa mine, 304, 306

  Boulle, Jean-Raymond, 116, 119–20

  Boulle, Max, 116, 117, 119–20

  Boulos, Massad, 300–301

  Braeckman, Colette, 200

  Brandenburg. See Gigafactory, Brandenburg

  Brasseur, Clément, xii, 32

  Bräutigam, Deborah, 234–35

  Bredenkamp, John, 120

  bribery, 277

  Brussels, 44

  Buffett, Warren, 113

  Bukavu, 208

  Bunker Hill Mine, 363, 363

  Bunker Hill Mining Corporation, 354–55, 357–58, 359, 361

  Bunkeya, 32, 373, 374–76

  Burkina Faso, 351

  Bush, George W., 134, 265, 309

  BYD, 1, 109, 145, 146, 247, 294, 305

  battery technology at, 313

  lithium-ion batteries, 110

  Musk on, 193

  sales of, 314

  stock prices of, 110–11

  success of, 192

  Wang Chuanfu founding, 106

  BYD Explorer, 314

  BYD Seal, 103–4

  C

  Cadillac, 61

  Call2Recycle, 76, 360, 371

  Canada, 8–9

  Canary Islands, 309

  Canavera, Mark, 19

  cannibalism, 169

  canoes, 250–51

  Cantwell, Maria, 191

  Caprice Enterprises Ltd., 207

  carbon footprint, lithium-ion batteries and reduction of, 10

  Care and Protection of Children Learning Network, 19

  Carron Brown, Charles, 20, 333–34, 335

  Carter, Jimmy, 63

  Carter Center, 166, 207

  cathodes, 80–81

  CATL. See Contemporary Amperex Technology Limited

  Caudill, Harry M., xii, 59

  cave-ins, 224–25

  Kajumba Kilanga on, 334

  in Kolwezi, 332–34

  CCC. See Congo Construction Company

  CDM. See Congo Dongfang International Mining

  cell-phone industry. See specific topics

  Center for Strategic and International Studies, 319

  Central African Copperbelt, 20–21

  cobalt in, 24

  geology of, 25–26

  Central South Industrial University, 104

  Centre d’Aide Juridico-Judiciaire, 273

  Chabad-Lubavitch, 125

  Chad, 374

  Char, Jeffrey, 110

  Chemaf, 153, 301, 335

  chemotronics, 37

  Chen Xuehua, xii, 203, 204, 226, 247, 319

  in DRC, 205

  Chevrolet, 305

  Chicago Mercantile Exchange, 23

  child labor, 7–8, 202