official inquiries into 55, 69, 185, 186, 243, 248–50, 251, 256

  regulation/lack of 39, 44, 52, 94, 98–99, 113–16, 245, 251, 266

  Reno Model 92

  Singapore’s strict regulation 98

  triad gangs (Hong Kong and China) 101, 102, 243, 245, 248–57

  see also Crown Casino and Star Casino

  Chaney, Kate 271, 272, 276, 277, 281, 282, 285, 287

  clubs industry Clubs Australia 148, 157, 159, 162

  ClubsNSW 143, 148, 157, 159, 171, 172, 174–75, 180, 181, 184–91

  introduction of poker machines 9–11, 206

  mafia infiltration see chapter 2

  origins 7–11

  poker machine business model 7–8, 11–13, 15–17

  political power 8, 13, 157–60, 171–85, 187–88, 189

  popularity of 9–11, 19–20

  see also poker machines

  Conroy, Stephen 208, 209

  Corbett, Roger 138–40

  Costello, Peter 120

  Costello, Tim advocate for gambling reform 113–14, 120, 121, 154, 155, 172–73, 175, 186, 222, 224, 268, 222, 224, 268, 269, 277

  opposition to Crown Casino 74, 78, 79, 82–83

  opposition to poker machines 75, 143, 150

  personal background 75, 120

  crony capitalism 123, 172

  Crown Casino, Melbourne backed by Premier Jeff Kennett 71–74

  Bergin Inquiry 185, 186, 243, 248–50, 251, 256

  business culture 114–17, 247–53

  controversy surrounding tender process 74–78

  debate over casino licence 67–70

  deregulation of gambling 2

  exploitation gambling addicts 85, 107–114

  failures of code of conduct 84–85, 107–108

  failures of regulation 98–99, 106

  Finkelstein Inquiry 256

  high roller gamblers 81–82, 84, 86–87, 94, 99, 101, 104, 111, 224–25, 246–49, 251, 252, 255–57, 266

  James Packer’s role 243–44, 247–49, 251

  links to sex trafficking 257–58

  money laundering 97, 99–104, 107, 113, 243, 245, 248, 250, 254, 256

  opposition to 75

  political influence 106, 110, 113–14, 116–17, 244–45, 258

  social and economic impact 87–94

  Daube, Mike 4

  Demetriou, Andrew 199–200

  Dominello, Victor 185–88

  Doughney, James 127

  Everett, Mervyn 40–41

  Farrell, Greg Junior 122–23, 135–36, 175

  Farrell, Greg Senior 40

  Federal Hotels 39–44

  Fitzgerald, Tony/Fitzgerald Inquiry 58–59, 63, 65, 66

  Flutter Entertainment 206, 229

  Foxtel 21

  Galea, Perce 49, 52

  gambling/gambling industry addiction 2, 13, 18, 20–21, 91–92, 98, 108, 110–113, 119, 132–33, 137, 145, 148–50, 168, 202, 208, 212, 244, 271, 280, 285

  advertising see advertising gambling

  association with alcohol 2, 8, 38, 84, 85, 92, 116, 192, 202, 214–15, 228, 271

  as big business 152

  criminal activity 46, 52, 53–57, 58–60, 61–66, 67, 68, 69, 96, 99, 102–103, 106, 108, 182–83, 185, 188, 99–104, 253–57; see also chapter 2

  critics of the industry’s claims about the number of problem gamblers 92, 272–75

  definition of problem gambling 93

  deregulation 2, 4

  domestic violence 92, 274, 275

  financial counselling 93, 202, 203, 219, 220

  ‘gamblification’ of sport 194–95

  gambling suicides 22, 38, 150, 271, 273–74

  government revenue 17, 23, 38, 89, 205, 222, 238

  history in Australia 2–3

  illegal forms 3, 6, 24, 45–55, 58, 62–63, 67, 102

  Las Vegas as a model 37–38, 39

  live odds 168–70

  lobbying 10, 65, 125, 126, 132, 138, 160, 173, 178–80, 185, 189, 208, 209, 241, 259, 266

  losses from 3, 4, 19, 22, 38, 81, 83, 89, 90, 115, 128, 129, 133, 147, 148, 150, 154, 213, 218, 275, 286

  mateship 4, 87, 94, 216, 219

  national identity 2

  neo-liberalism 5, 70, 72, 120

  political donations 125, 159, 171, 175–78, 208

  political power 143, 155, 157–60, 165, 172–73, 177, 182, 282–83, 289–90; see also chapters 4 and 8

  predatory business model 4–5, 115, 129, 150, 192, 194, 195, 205, 213, 214, 223, 285

  Protestant moralist opposition to 2–3

  targeting children 287

  targeting enemies 180–82

  targeting young men 211–14, 222–24

  targeting young women 214

  see also online gambling

  gambling corporations see BetEasy, Betfair, Crown Casino, Federal Hotels, Flutter Entertainment, Ladbrokes, Luxbet, Murdoch family, Star Casino, Tabcorp

  gambling reform 171, 185–88; see also chapters 7 and 12 public support for gambling reform 166, 169, 288

  Gatto, Mick 95–97

  Gillard, Julia attitude towards gambling 147–49, 150

  deal on mandatory precommitment (MPC) with Andrew Wilkie 146–48

  election as Prime Minister 146–47

  walks away from deal with Wilkie 153–70

  greyhounds racing see chapter 10 business model 225, 228, 231, 238

  Coalition for the Protection of Greyhounds 239, 240, 241

  corporate opposition to industry 39–40

  economic contribution 227–28

  gambling company sponsorship 226, 229, 240

  Greyhound Racing New South Wales (GRNSW) 225, 229, 231, 232–34, 236, 238, 240, 241

  greyhound racing owners 228, 232–35, 240

  growth of 226, 238–39

  history 226–27

  injuries 225, 230, 240, 242

  inquiries into 233–36, 240–42

  lack of regulation 232–33

  live baiting 226–27, 228, 23, 234–35

  live broadcasting 228, 231

  mass slaughter 226, 227, 233–34

  money laundering 233

  NSW whistleblower, Alex Brittan 241–42

  overseas bans on 232, 242

  rehoming 242

  2016 temporary NSW ban 237–38

  Hancock, Professor Linda 114–16

  Hanson, Frederick 50–51

  Herbert, Jack 60, 63, 64

  High Court 112–13, 153, 1936

  high rollers 39, 81–84, 86–87, 94, 99, 101, 104, 111, 224–25, 246–49, 251, 252, 255–57, 260–62, 266

  Hinze, Russell 62–65

  horse racing 2–3, 7, 56, 73, 193, 194, 198, 211

  hotels/pubs live sporting broadcasts 212, 228, 229, 231

  poker machines 120, 122–23, 124, 125, 127, 129, 131, 134–36, 175, 182, 188

  post-war conditions 7–9

  rise of hotel poker machine billionaires – ‘pokie barons’ 118, 134–36, 187

  Howard, John 120, 159, 245, 286, 290

  inquiries Bell Inquiry 260–262, 264

  Bergin Inquiry 243, 248, 251, 256, 265

  Finkelstein Inquiry 251

  Fitzgerald Inquiry 58–59

  Lusher Inquiry 55

  McHugh Inquiry into greyhound racing 233–36

  Murphy Inquiry 241, 268, 270–71, 272, 274–84, 289

  the Joke 59–62, 63

  Kakavas, Harry 110–15

  Kaye, John 161, 233–34

  Kelly, Ray 46

  Kelly, Sidney 47

  Kennett, Jeffrey 71–78, 82, 87, 90–92, 94, 103, 110, 114, 118

  Kirner, Joan 69–71

  Labor Party 310, 29, 127, 156, 164, 184, 185 Anthony Albanese’s appointment of Murphy Inquiry into online gambling 267–69

  Anthony Albanese’s opposition to gambling reform 288–92

  connections to gambling industry 206–10, 254, 259

  connections to hotel industry 125

  connections to NSW clubs 155, 158, 163

  connections to Packer family 161, 162

  connections to poker machine industry 155

  dominated by apparatchiks 163

  Labor Business Forum 176

  NSW Opposition leader Chris Minns opposition to gambling reform 189

  NSW Premier Jack Cahill’s legalisation of poker machine and expansion of clubs 10, 12

  NSW Premier Bob Carr’s extension of poker machines in the community 118, 124

  NSW Premier Neville Wran declines to legalise casinos 53–57

  opposition to NSW ban on poker machines 15

  Queensland Premier Wayne Goss casinos legalisation 126

  Tasmanian Opposition leader Rebecca White proposal to phase out poker machines 174–75

  Tasmanian Premier Eric Reece Wrest Point casino legislation 39–45

  Victorian Labor party’s opposition to Crown Casino 78

  Victorian Premier Steve Brack’s support for Crown 90, 114

  WA Labor opposed to introduction poker machines 22

  Ladbrokes 204, 207, 209, 225, 229, 238, 240–41, 285

  Landis, Josh 159, 185–86, 190

  Las Vegas 37–38

  Lewis, Terry 60–64

  Liberal Party 57, 64, 68, 120, 144, 154, 156, 164, 171 connections to gambling industry 209

  John Howard’s support for high roller visas 245

  Menzies 200 Club 176

  NSW Liberal Party opposition to gambling reform 186–88, 190

  NSW Premier Sir Robert Askin’s support for illegal gambling 51–55

  NSW Premier Mike Baird’s backdown on greyhound racing ban 237–38

  NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian’s support for greyhound racing 238

  NSW Premier Barry O’Farrell’s support for Crown Casino second Sydney licence 160–61, 177

  NSW Premier Dominic Perrottet’s failed bid for gambling reform 185–90

  opposition to NSW ban on poker machines 15

  Tasmanian Liberal Party bankrolled in 2018

  state election by Federal Hotels 174–75

  Tasmanian Premier Angus Bethune casino scandal 41–45

  Tasmanian Premier Ray Groom’s expansion of poker machines into community 122–23

  Victorian Premier Jeff Kennett’s support for Crown Casino 71–79

  Liquor and Gaming NSW 142

  Livingstone, Associate Professor Charles addictive design of poker machines 119, 120, 128–29, 133, 221

  critic of Crown Casino 91

  damage from gambling advertisements 273, 276–77

  location of poker machines 120

  losses from gambling 201

  online business model 195

  personal background 11, 13

  power of the gambling industry 148, 176–77, 281

  sports betting 193

  lobbying 10, 65, 125, 126, 132, 138, 160, 173, 178–80, 185, 189, 208, 209, 241, 259, 266

  Luxbet 153

  Lyons, Kevin 41–45

  McCoy, Alfred 27

  McHugh, Michael 235–36

  McLachlan, Gillon 199

  McNeil, Inspector Jack 27–35

  McPherson, Len 24–28, 30, 33–35

  mafia see chapter 2

  mandatory pre-commitment (MPC) 146–66, 173

  Mathieson, Bruce 134–35, 138, 139

  Mayne, Stephen 79

  Melbourne drug wars 95–97, 104–107

  Moffitt, Alan/Moffitt Inquiry 29–36

  money laundering 23, 52, 97, 99–104, 113, 180–84, 186–87, 233, 245, 248, 250, 254, 256

  Moran, Jason 104–105

  Murdoch family 155, 194, 200, 229, 237, 276, 282

  Murphy, Peta/Murphy Inquiry Albanese government’s failure to respond to 272, 279, 284–85

  conduct of inquiry 282–89

  findings of inquiry 274–77, 290–91

  origins of inquiry 267–69

  personal history 69–70

  National Crime Authority, previously Commission 57, 99, 102

  National Rugby League (NRL) expansion into PNG 217–18

  gambling habits of supporters 195, 202, 203, 213

  opposition to MPC 157

  opposition to Murphy Inquiry 281

  promotion of live odds 168–69

  rugby league clubs 7, 11, 12, 16–17

  ties to gambling industry 196–99, 201, 215, 275–76, 287

  TV deals 168–69

  neoliberalism 5, 70, 72, 120

  New South Wales Crime Commission 182–83, 185, 188

  Nixon, Christine 95

  online gambling 135, 144, 148, 151, 152, 170; see also chapter 9 advertising and marketing 214–17

  Australia as world leader 195

  gambling company sponsorship deals with AFL and NRL 195–200

  growth of 193

  major companies 195–95

  Murphy Inquiry see chapter 12

  nexus between sporting codes, gambling companies and media companies 196–200

  political power 206–10

  profit-at-all-costs business model 210–11, 218–22

  regulation/lack of 168, 193, 203–205, 206, 213, 232, 281

  rise of 267–70, 176, 193–94

  targeting children 222–24

  targeting young men 211–14

  targeting young women 214

  technology behind 192–94, 212, 219

  Tom Waterhouse’s flawed model 267–70

  Packer, James 86, 87 Barangaroo casino project 160–61, 177, 249, 259, 262, 265, 266

  investment in Betfair 162

  personal background 247, 248–49, 250

  political influence 114, 160–63, 177, 244–45, 265

  role in Crown Resorts 104, 243–44, 247–49, 251

  Packer empire 86–87, 90, 94, 101, 103

  Perrottet, Dominic 187–88

  Pitkin, Sally 262–65

  poker machines addiction/social harm 18, 91, 114–17, 118–19, 119–20, 126–27, 128, 133, 141–42, 144; see also chapter 12 and Conclusion

  addictive qualities 20–22, 119, 120, 128–29, 133, 221

  association with criminal activity 67, 184–88; see also chapter 2

  campaign to ban (1960s) 14–15

  central to business model of clubs 15–17, 19

  central to business model of hotels 127

  Coles and Woolworths involvement 138, 142–43

  concentration in lower socio-economic areas 21, 119, 128–31

  corporate scandals involving Coles and Woolworths 136–43

  Crown Casino 78–79, 83, 88, 114–17

  early popularity of 8, 12, 37

  embraced by AFL clubs 196

  embraced by NRL clubs 11–12

  failure to reform 174–78, 184–91; see also chapter 7

  Gambling Anonymous 150

  government revenue from 17, 23, 38, 89

  household expenditure 3, 88

  introduction into NSW clubs 7–8, 12

  introduction in Victoria 69–72

  legalisation NSW 2, 10–12

  losses from 138, 149

  manufacturer see Ainsworth, Len

  money laundering 180–84, 186–87

  opposition to 11, 13, 75

  regulation/lack of 15, 171, 175, 184, 275

  rise of poker machine billionaires 134–36

  rollout across Australia 122–26

  state bans on in Queensland 64

  state bans on in Tasmania 41, 45

  state bans on in Victoria 68

  state bans on in WA 22

  police corruption NSW 24–25, 27, 29, 30–31, 32–33, 36, 46–52, 54, 55–57, 68

  Queensland 30, 58–62

  problem gambling 20–22, 90–94, 110–15, 118–20, 272–73

  Productivity Commission 120–21, 150, 152, 154, 159

  Reece, Sir Eric 38–43

  Reeves, Tony 26–27, 52

  regulation 15, 44, 98–99, 114, 168, 193, 203–205, 232

  Reilly, Richard 47–49

  Relationships Australia 192, 274

  Responsible Wagering Australia 180, 206, 208, 209

  Rooklyn, Jack 25–26, 31–34, 52, 64

  Rowland, Michelle 206–207, 208, 210

  royal commissions 52–53, 56 Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service 49, 57

  Royal Commission of Inquiry in respect of certain matters relating to allegations of organised crime in clubs 29–36

  Rudd, Kevin 146, 154, 155–56, 157, 163–64, 208

  Saffron, Abe 31–33, 48, 52, 65

  social media 201, 208, 211, 215, 216, 223, 224, 268, 282, 287

  South Sydney Junior League Club 12

  Sportsbet 179, 180, 193–94, 216, 223, 224, 268, 282, 286

  St George Leagues Club 11–12

  Standing Committee on Social Policy and Legal Affairs Inquiry into Online Gambling see Murphy Inquiry

  Star Casino 94, 245; see also chapter 11 Bell Inquiry 260–64

  Brisbane licence granted 258–59

  business culture 260–65

  failure of board 264–65

  financial difficulties 266

  illicit drugs 100–101

  involvement of junket operators and triad gangs 260–64

  legal action against 265–66

  money laundering 260–62, 266

  role of CEO Matthias Bekier 259–66

  Steggall, Zali 293

  Stolz, Troy 180–84

  TAB 43, 47, 71, 127, 144, 169, 193, 198, 199, 200, 213

  Tabcorp 169, 180, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 204, 206, 209, 228–29, 238, 259

  Thomas, Samatha 222, 238

  tobacco industry 43, 84, 93, 156, 173, 215, 216, 276, 280

  triad gangs (Hong Kong and China) 101, 102, 243, 245, 248–57

  Tripp, Matthew 193–94, 200, 206

  Victorian Casino Control Authority, later Victorian Gaming Authority 76, 113–14, 116

  V’Landys, Peter 198, 281, 282, 284

  Walker, Ron 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 80, 84

  Waterhouse, Tom 153, 167–70

  whistleblowers 30, 42, 43, 113, 141, 142, 146, 180–82, 246, 253, 258