Exeunt Salerio and Solanio

  LORENZO

  My lord Bassanio, since you have found Antonio,

  We two will leave you; but at dinner-time

  I pray you have in mind where we must meet.

  BASSANIO I will not fail you.

  GRAZIANO

  You look not well, Signor Antonio.

  You have too much respect upon the world.

  They lose it that do buy it with much care.

  Believe me, you are marvellously changed.

  ANTONIO

  I hold the world but as the world, Graziano—

  A stage where every man must play a part,

  And mine a sad one.

  GRAZIANO Let me play the fool.

  With mirth and laughter let old wrinkles come,

  And let my liver rather heat with wine

  Than my heart cool with mortifying groans.

  Why should a man whose blood is warm within

  Sit like his grandsire cut in alabaster,

  Sleep when he wakes, and creep into the jaundice

  By being peevish? I tell thee what, Antonio—

  I love thee, and ‘tis my love that speaks—

  There are a sort of men whose visages

  Do cream and mantle like a standing pond,

  And do a wilful stillness entertain

  With purpose to be dressed in an opinion

  Of wisdom, gravity, profound conceit,

  As who should say ‘I am Sir Oracle,

  And when I ope my lips, let no dog bark.’

  O my Antonio, I do know of these

  That therefore only are reputed wise

  For saying nothing, when I am very sure,

  If they should speak, would almost damn those ears

  Which, hearing them, would call their brothers fools.

  I’ll tell thee more of this another time.

  But fish not with this melancholy bait

  For this fool gudgeon, this opinion.—

  Come, good Lorenzo.—Fare ye well a while.

  I’ll end my exhortation after dinner.

  LORENZO (to Antonio and Bassanio)

  Well, we will leave you then till dinner-time. 105

  I must be one of these same dumb wise men,

  For Graziano never lets me speak.

  GRAZIANO

  Well, keep me company but two years more

  Thou shalt not know the sound of thine own tongue.

  ANTONIO

  Fare you well. I’ll grow a talker for this gear.

  GRAZIANO

  Thanks, i’faith, for silence is only commendable

  In a neat’s tongue dried and a maid not vendible.

  Exeunt Graziano and Lorenzo

  ANTONIO Yet is that anything now?

  BASSANIO Graziano speaks an infinite deal of nothing,

  more than any man in all Venice. His reasons are as

  two grains of wheat hid in two bushels of chaff: you

  shall seek all day ere you find them, and when you

  have them they are not worth the search.

  ANTONIO

  Well, tell me now what lady is the same

  To whom you swore a secret pilgrimage,

  That you today promised to tell me of.

  BASSANIO

  ’Tis not unknown to you, Antonio,

  How much I have disabled mine estate

  By something showing a more swelling port

  Than my faint means would grant continuance,

  Nor do I now make moan to be abridged

  From such a noble rate; but my chief care

  Is to come fairly off from the great debts

  Wherein my time, something too prodigal,

  Hath left me gaged. To you, Antonio,

  I owe the most in money and in love,

  And from your love I have a warranty

  To unburden all my plots and purposes

  How to get clear of all the debts I owe.

  ANTONIO

  I pray you, good Bassanio, let me know it,

  And if it stand as you yourself still do,

  Within the eye of honour, be assured

  My purse, my person, my extremest means

  Lie all unlocked to your occasions.

  BASSANIO

  In my schooldays, when I had lost one shaft,

  I shot his fellow of the selfsame flight

  The selfsame way, with more advised watch,

  To find the other forth; and by adventuring both,

  I oft found both. I urge this childhood proof

  Because what follows is pure innocence.

  I owe you much, and, like a wilful youth,

  That which I owe is lost; but if you please

  To shoot another arrow that self way

  Which you did shoot the first, I do not doubt,

  As I will watch the aim, or to find both

  Or bring your latter hazard back again,

  And thankfully rest debtor for the first.

  ANTONIO

  You know me well, and herein spend but time

  To wind about my love with circumstance;

  And out of doubt you do me now more wrong

  In making question of my uttermost

  Than if you had made waste of all I have.

  Then do but say to me what I should do

  That in your knowledge may by me be done,

  And I am pressed unto it. Therefore speak.

  BASSANIO

  In Belmont is a lady richly left,

  And she is fair, and, fairer than that word,

  Of wondrous virtues. Sometimes from her eyes

  I did receive fair speechless messages.

  Her name is Portia, nothing undervalued

  To Cato’s daughter, Brutus’ Portia;

  Nor is the wide world ignorant of her worth,

  For the four winds blow in from every coast

  Renowned suitors, and her sunny locks

  Hang on her temples like a golden fleece,

  Which makes her seat of Belmont Colchis’ strand,

  And many Jasons come in quest of her.

  O my Antonio, had I but the means

  To hold a rival place with one of them,

  I have a mind presages me such thrift

  That I should questionless be fortunate

  ANTONIO

  Thou know’st that all my fortunes are at sea,

  Neither have I money nor commodity

  To raise a present sum. Therefore go forth—

  Try what my credit can in Venice do;

  That shall be racked even to the uttermost

  To furnish thee to Belmont, to fair Portia.

  Go presently enquire, and so will I,

  Where money is; and I no question make

  To have it of my trust or for my sake.

  Exeunt [severally]

  1.2 Enter Portia with Nerissa, her waiting-woman

  PORTIA By my troth, Nerissa, my little body is aweary of this great world.

  NERISSA You would be, sweet madam, if your miseries were in the same abundance as your good fortunes are; and yet, for aught I see, they are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve with nothing. It is no mean happiness, therefore, to be seated in the mean. Superfluity comes sooner by white hairs, but competency lives longer.

  PORTIA Good sentences, and well pronounced.

  NERISSA They would be better if well followed.

  PORTIA If to do were as easy as to know what were good to do, chapels had been churches, and poor men’s cottages princes’ palaces. It is a good divine that follows his own instructions. I can easier teach twenty what were good to be done than to be one of the twenty to follow mine own teaching. The brain may devise laws for the blood, but a hot temper leaps o‘er a cold decree. Such a hare is madness, the youth, to skip o’er the meshes of good counsel, the cripple. But this reasoning is not in the fashion to choose me a husband. O me, the word ‘choose’ I may neither choose who I would nor refuse who I dislike; so is the will of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father. Is it not hard, Nerissa, that I cannot choose one nor refuse none?

  NERISSA Your father was ever virtuous, and holy men at their death have good inspirations; therefore the lottery that he hath devised in these three chests of gold, silver, and lead, whereof who chooses his meaning chooses you, will no doubt never be chosen by any rightly but one who you shall rightly love. But what warmth is there in your affection towards any of these princely suitors that are already come?

  PORTIA I pray thee overname them, and as thou namest them I will describe them; and according to my description, level at my affection.

  NERISSA First there is the Neapolitan prince.

  PORTIA Ay, that’s a colt indeed, for he doth nothing but talk of his horse, and he makes it a great appropriation to his own good parts that he can shoe him himself. I am much afeard my lady his mother played false with a smith.

  NERISSA Then is there the County Palatine.

  PORTIA He doth nothing but frown, as who should say ‘An you will not have me, choose’. He hears merry tales and smiles not. I fear he will prove the weeping philosopher when he grows old, being so full of unmannerly sadness in his youth. I had rather be married to a death’s-head with a bone in his mouth than to either of these. God defend me from these two!

  NERISSA How say you by the French lord, Monsieur le Bon?

  PORTIA God made him, and therefore let him pass for a man. In truth, I know it is a sin to be a mocker, but he—why, he hath a horse better than the Neapolitan‘s, a better bad habit of frowning than the Count Palatine. He is every man in no man. If a throstle sing, he falls straight a-cap’ring. He will fence with his own shadow. If I should marry him, I should marry twenty husbands. If he would despise me, I would forgive him, for if he love me to madness, I shall never requite him.

  NERISSA What say you then to Falconbridge, the young baron of England?

  PORTIA You know I say nothing to him, for he understands not me, nor I him. He hath neither Latin, French, nor Italian, and you will come into the court and swear that I have a poor pennyworth in the English. He is a proper man’s picture, but alas, who can converse with a dumb show? How oddly he is suited! I think he bought his doublet in Italy, his round hose in France, his bonnet in Germany, and his behaviour everywhere.

  NERISSA What think you of the Scottish lord, his neighbour?

  PORTIA That he hath a neighbourly charity in him, for he borrowed a box of the ear of the Englishman and swore he would pay him again when he was able. I think the Frenchman became his surety, and sealed under for another.

  NERISSA How like you the young German, the Duke of Saxony’s nephew?

  PORTIA Very vilely in the morning when he is sober, and most vilely in the afternoon when he is drunk. When he is best he is a little worse than a man, and when he is worst he is little better than a beast. An the worst fall that ever fell, I hope I shall make shift to go without him.

  NERISSA If he should offer to choose, and choose the right casket, you should refuse to perform your father’s will if you should refuse to accept him.

  PORTIA Therefore, for fear of the worst, I pray thee set a deep glass of Rhenish wine on the contrary casket; for if the devil be within and that temptation without, I know he will choose it. I will do anything, Nerissa, ere I will be married to a sponge.

  NERISSA You need not fear, lady, the having any of these lords. They have acquainted me with their determinations, which is indeed to return to their home and to trouble you with no more suit unless you may be won by some other sort than your father’s imposition depending on the caskets. 102

  PORTIA If I live to be as old as Sibylla I will die as chaste as Diana unless I be obtained by the manner of my father’s will. I am glad this parcel of wooers are so reasonable, for there is not one among them but I dote on his very absence; and I pray God grant them a fair departure.

  NERISSA Do you not remember, lady, in your father’s time, a Venetian, a scholar and a soldier, that came hither in company of the Marquis of Montferrat? III

  PORTIA Yes, yes, it was Bassanio—as I think, so was he called.

  NERISSA True, madam. He of all the men that ever my foolish eyes looked upon was the best deserving a fair lady.

  PORTIA I remember him well, and I remember him worthy of thy praise.

  Enter a Servingman

  How now, what news?

  SERVINGMAN The four strangers seek for you, madam, to take their leave, and there is a forerunner come from a fifth, the Prince of Morocco, who brings word the Prince his master will be here tonight.

  PORTIA If I could bid the fifth welcome with so good heart as I can bid the other four farewell, I should be glad of his approach. If he have the condition of a saint and the complexion of a devil, I had rather he should shrive me than wive me. Come, Nerissa. (To the Servingman) Sirrah, go before. Whiles we shut the gate upon one wooer, Another knocks at the door. Exeunt

  1.3 Enter Bassanio with Shylock the Jew SHYLOCK Three thousand ducats. Well.

  BASSANIO Ay, sir, for three months.

  SHYLOCK For three months. Well.

  BASSANIO For the which, as I told you, Antonio shall be bound.

  SHYLOCK Antonio shall become bound. Well.

  BASSANIO May you stead me? Will you pleasure me? Shall I know your answer?

  SHYLOCK Three thousand ducats for three months, and Antonio bound.

  BASSANIO Your answer to that.

  SHYLOCK Antonio is a good man.

  BASSANIO Have you heard any imputation to the contrary ?

  SHYLOCK Ho, no, no, no, no !My meaning in saying he is a good man is to have you understand me that he is sufficient. Yet his means are in supposition. He hath an argosy bound to Tripolis, another to the Indies. I understand moreover upon the Rialto he hath a third at Mexico, a fourth for England, and other ventures he hath squandered abroad. But ships are but boards, sailors but men. There be land rats and water rats, water thieves and land thieves—I mean pirates—and then there is the peril of waters, winds, and rocks. The man is, notwithstanding, sufficient. Three thousand ducats. I think I may take his bond.

  BASSANIO Be assured you may.

  SHYLOCK I will be assured I may, and that I may be assured, I will bethink me. May I speak with Antonio?

  BASSANIO If it please you to dine with us.

  SHYLOCK ⌈aside⌉ Yes, to smell pork, to eat of the habitation which your prophet the Nazarite conjured the devil into! I will buy with you, sell with you, talk with you, walk with you, and so following, but I will not eat with you, drink with you, nor pray with you.Enter Antonio

  ⌈To Antonio⌉ What news on the Rialto? ⌈To Bassanio⌉ Who is he comes here?

  BASSANIO This is Signor Antonio.

  ⌈Bassanio and Antonio speak silently to one another⌉

  SHYLOCK (aside)

  How like a fawning publican he looks.

  I hate him for he is a Christian;

  But more, for that in low simplicity

  He lends out money gratis, and brings down

  The rate of usance here with us in Venice.

  If I can catch him once upon the hip

  I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him.

  He hates our sacred nation, and he rails,

  Even there where merchants most do congregate,

  On me, my bargains, and my well-won thrift—

  Which he calls interest. Cursed be my tribe

  If I forgive him.

  BASSANIO Shylock, do you hear?

  SHYLOCK

  I am debating of my present store,

  And by the near guess of my memory

  I cannot instantly raise up the gross

  Of full three thousand ducats. What of that?

  Tubal, a wealthy Hebrew of my tribe,

  Will furnish me. But soft—how many months

  Do you desire ? ⌈To Antonio⌉ Rest you fair, good signor.

  Your worship was the last man in our mouths.

  ANTONIO

  Shylock, albeit I neither lend nor borrow

  By taking nor by giving of excess,

  Yet to supply the ripe wants of my friend

  I’ll break a custom. (To Bassanio) Is he yet possessed

  How much ye would?

  SHYLOCK Ay, ay, three thousand ducats.

  ANTONIO And for three months.

  SHYLOCK

  I had forgot—three months. (To Bassanio) You told me

  so.—

  Well then, your bond; and let me see—but hear you,

  Methoughts you said you neither lend nor borrow

  Upon advantage.

  ANTONIO I do never use it.

  SHYLOCK

  When Jacob grazed his uncle Laban’s sheep—

  This Jacob from our holy Abram was,

  As his wise mother wrought in his behalf,

  The third possessor; ay, he was the third—

  ANTONIO

  And what of him? Did he take interest?

  SHYLOCK

  No, not take interest, not, as you would say,

  Directly int’rest. Mark what Jacob did:

  When Laban and himself were compromised

  That all the eanlings which were streaked and pied

  Should fall as Jacob’s hire, the ewes, being rank,

  In end of autumn turned to the rams, 80

  And when the work of generation was

  Between these woolly breeders in the act,

  The skilful shepherd peeled me certain wands,

  And in the doing of the deed of kind

  He stuck them up before the fulsome ewes

  Who, then conceiving, did in eaning time

  Fall parti-coloured lambs; and those were Jacob’s.

  This was a way to thrive; and he was blest;

  And thrift is blessing, if men steal it not.

  ANTONIO

  This was a venture, sir, that Jacob served for—

  A thing not in his power to bring to pass,

  But swayed and fashioned by the hand of heaven.

  Was this inserted to make interest good,

  Or is your gold and silver ewes and rams?

  SHYLOCK

  I cannot tell. I make it breed as fast.

  But note me, signor—

  ANTONIO Mark you this, Bassanio?

  The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose.

  An evil soul producing holy witness