Plön, 361

  Plötzensee, 246

  Poland, 65, 66

  Soviet policy towards, 20, 69, 77, 80–82, 84, 99–101, 185, 420

  NKVD arrest of Polish leaders, 195, 401

  political unrest in Polish formations, 199–200

  Pomeranian and West Prussian campaign, 87, 89, 90, 91–2, 115–22, 165

  Popov, Col. Gen., 184

  Potsdam

  bombing of, 204–5, 224

  children’s clinic, 224, 272, 298, 328

  and Berlin operation, 256, 258, 266, 268, 276, 285, 294, 329, 353, 377

  Potsdamerplatz, 339, 342, 347

  Poznan (Posen), 44, 64, 65, 66, 67, 91–2, 158, 216, 317

  Prenzlauerberg, 323, 388

  Prisoners

  Allied, 85, 86, 295

  German, 106, 283

  Soviet civilians, 107–12, 165–6, 273, 295, 395, 423–4

  French, 179, 192, 269, 271, 272, 273, 295, 314, 346

  Prisoners of war, Soviet, 41, 85–6, 110–12, 113, 166, 272, 423, 424, 429

  Prague, 225, 280, 297, 340, 364, 401, 402

  Propaganda Ministry, 56

  Prützmann, SS-Obergpfh. Hans, 173–4, 175

  Pukhov, Gen. N. P., 230

  Pulawy bridgehead, 17, 18

  Puttkamer, Jesco Freiherr v., 47, 55, 118–19

  Puttkamer, Admiral v., 276–7

  R

  Radom, 60

  Rape by Red Army

  in East Prussia, 28–32, 118, 188, 326, 410

  of Soviet women, 65, 67, 107–9

  and sack of Schwerin, 67

  abortion after, 157–8, 412

  Ehrenburg on, 197

  in Berlin, 274, 295, 300, 312–13, 314, 326–7, 345–6, 409–12, 414, 418

  Ratibor, 60, 129, 130, 132

  Rattenhuber, Hans, 388, 389

  Ravensbrück concentration camp, 363

  Red Army, 11, 13–14

  and SMERSH, 128, 421–4

  and hygeine, 128–9

  and discipline, 184–5, 346, 413

  and tactics in Berlin street-fighting, 316–18

  FRONTS

  1st Belorussian, 15, 17, 44, 63, 64, 67–8, 87, 93, 111, 115, 145, 147, 184, 206, 210, 216–23;

  and battle for Berlin, 268, 283, 296, 330, 369, 375, 399

  2nd Belorussian, 15, 25, 26, 28, 35, 36, 87, 100, 102–3, 104, 106, 115, 145, 206, 248, 304, 337–8, 363

  3rd Belorussian, 17, 24, 25, 28, 33, 50, 97

  1st Ukrainian, 12, 41, 44, 60, 61;

  in Silesia, 108, 110, 111, 125–30, 145, 147, 165, 167, 169;

  and Neisse-Berlin operation, 206, 207, 225, 230–32, 256, 296, 330, 340

  3rd Ukrainian, 82–3

  4th Ukrainian, 129

  ARMIES

  3rd Guards, 239, 245, 271, 330

  5th Guards, 61, 232, 238, 239, 245, 307

  8th Guards, 17, 44, 65, 66, 67, 71, 87, 149, 150, 151, 163, 206, 210, 220, 222, 227, 242, 246;

  and assault on Berlin, 265, 269, 271, 287, 297, 303, 316, 319, 324, 339, 340, 352, 353, 356, 357, 367, 370, 372

  11th Guards, 24, 187

  2nd Shock, 117

  3rd Shock, 64, 116, 172, 184, 211, 215, 217, 219, 226, 235, 236, 242, 243, 255, 260, 265, 269, 280, 283, 300, 301, 317, 323, 342, 356;

  and assault on Reichstag, 347, 348, 354–6, 357, 365–6, 370, 384, 389

  5th Shock, 17, 44, 69, 149, 167, 220, 222, 226, 227, 242, 243, 244, 256, 265, 269, 287, 297, 300, 339–40, 370, 388, 389

  3rd Army, 34, 105, 303, 323, 330

  13th Army, 230, 238, 245

  19th Army, 29, 30, 117

  21st Army, 60, 129, 164

  28th Army, 245, 298, 318, 330, 340

  33rd Army, 183, 219, 220, 228, 242, 330

  39th Army, 24

  43rd Army, 24, 29, 187

  47th Army, 18, 21, 64, 220, 236, 242, 259, 265, 269, 271, 323, 373–6, 402

  48th Army, 50

  49th Army, 184

  52nd Army, 232, 244, 245

  59th Army, 60, 129

  60th Army, 45, 60, 129–30

  61st Army, 64, 220, 242

  69th Army, 186, 220, 225, 242, 330

  70th Army, 184

  1st Polish, 18, 64, 116, 220, 242

  2nd Polish, 232, 245

  1st Guards Tank, 18, 44, 64, 66, 116, 117, 118, 206, 220, 235, 242, 246, 255;

  and Berlin operation, 265, 269, 287, 296, 303, 316, 319, 372

  2nd Guards Tank, 17, 18, 44, 91, 116, 220, 235, 242, 255, 259, 265, 269, 299, 315, 323, 356, 384, 404

  3rd Guards Tank, 17, 60, 108, 126, 232, 239, 241, 245, 255–6, 260, 270, 271, 296;

  storms Teltow Canal, 296–7, 303;

  in Berlin fighting, 318, 319, 324

  4th Guards Tank, 17, 62, 126, 130, 186, 213, 232, 239, 241, 256, 260, 265, 271, 284, 298, 323, 378

  5th Guards Tank, 26, 37, 305

  CORPS

  26th Guards Rifle, 226

  28th Guards Rifle, 226

  32nd Guards Rifle, 307

  50th Guards Rifle, 331

  79th Guards Rifle, 372

  96th Guards Rifle, 331

  3rd Rifle, 172

  9th Rifle, 388

  79th Rifle, 255

  125th Rifle, 259

  1st Guards Cavalry, 307

  2nd Guards Cavalry, 115, 116, 330

  3rd Guards Cavalry, 26, 115

  4th Guards Tank, 307

  6th Guards Tank, 105, 271

  7th Guards Tank, 271

  5th Guards Mechanized, 272, 328

  11th Tank, 235

  25th Tank, 401

  DIVISIONS

  12th Guards Rifle, 220

  27th Guards Rifle, 227

  48th Guards Rifle, 296

  50th Guards Rifle, 333

  54th Guards Rifle, 331

  58th Guards Rifle, 305

  89th Guards Rifle, 69

  94th Guards Rifle, 167

  61st Rifle, 340

  107th Rifle, 45

  150th Rifle, 347, 348, 349, 354, 355, 365

  171st Rifle, 348, 349, 356

  200th Rifle, 184

  230th Rifle, 73

  248th Rifle, 226, 227, 243

  266th Rifle, 227

  301st Rifle, 227, 340, 351

  RED ARMY AVIATION

  2nd Air Army, 230, 298, 331, 334

  16th Air Army, 221, 298, 334

  18th Air Army, 221, 298, 334

  Refior, Col. Hans, 177, 178, 179, 180, 224, 286, 301, 320, 364, 367

  Refugees

  from East Prussia, 36, 37, 47–8, 50, 93

  treks, 46–7

  statistics, 48

  arrival in Berlin, 48–9

  by sea, 50, 88, 93, 94, 188

  treatment by Nazi authorities, 52, 75, 76

  in Brandenburg, 53, 256, 258, 264, 337, 395, 396, 397, 398

  from Breslau and Silesia, 62–3, 83

  Stalin’s satisfaction, 82, 93

  in Pomerania, 117–19

  Nazi Party and abortions for rape victims, 157–8

  Reich Labour Service (RAD), 70, 260, 284, 287n, 303, 328

  Reichenau, Field Marshal Walter v., 276

  Reichhelm, Col. Günther, 200, 201, 284, 285, 378, 379, 397

  Reichsbank, 406

  Reichssportsfeld and Olympic Stadium, 180, 293, 340, 384, 391

  Reichstag, xxxiii, 210, 319, 324, 347, 348, 349, 350

  assault on, 354–6, 365–6, 372, 388, 394,. 426

  Reinecke, Pastor, 386, 387

  Reinhardt, Col. Gen. Hans, 12, 50

  Reinickendorf, 180, 299

  Reitsch, Hanna, 322, 342

  Reitwein Spur, 71, 163, 216–17, 222, 379

  Remagen, Rhine bridge at, 84, 137, 140, 141, 151, 179

  Rettich, Capt. Peter, 264–5, 286, 328, 395, 398

  Reymann, Lt. Gen. Helmuth, 158, 176–8, 179, 180, 224, 245, 261, 268, 353, 377

  Ribbentrop, Reichsminister Joachim v., 83, 190, 237, 250, 251, 289, 304, 340

  ROA (Russian Liberation Army), 73–4, 85, 112, 113, 401, 402

  1st Division, 182–3

  Rodimtsev, Gen. A. I., 307

  Rogatin, Lt. Gen., 104

  Rokossovsky, Marshal K. K., 15, 16, 17, 25, 26, 28

  Order No. 006, 30, 49, 50, 87

  SMERSH investigation, 100, 106

  and Pomeranian campaign, 115, 117, 145

  and Berlin operation, 186, 206, 229, 242, 248, 249, 304, 337–8, 400

  and victory parade, 426, 427

  Rommel, Field Marshal Erwin, 7

  Roosevelt, President Franklin D., 5

  and Yalta, 77–82, 143

  and Stalin, 84–5, 145, 195

  and surrender negotiations, 194, 195

  mortally ill, 196

  death of, 204, 208

  Rosly, Gen. I. P., 340

  Rosslau (Twelfth Army HQ), 201

  Rudel, Col. Hans-Ulrich, 9

  Rüdersdorf, 258, 265

  Ruhr encirclement, 138, 142, 156, 190, 200, 201

  Rundstedt, Field Marshal Gerd v., 42

  Rusakov, Maj. Gen. Vladimir, 305

  Ruslanova, Lydia, 116, 428

  Russian Liberation Army, see ROA

  Rybalko, Col. Gen. P. S., 17, 60, 61, 229, 232, 239, 245, 255, 256, 296, 319, 324, 326

  Rzhevskaya, Yelena, 360, 363, 370, 390, 391, 399, 400, 403, 426, 431

  S

  Sachsenhausen, 181, 274, 325

  Salzburg, 155, 192, 251, 275

  Samland Peninsula, 88

  Sandomierz bridgehead, 16

  Saucken, Gen. Dietrich v., 45, 62, 119–20, 122, 402

  Schaub, Julius, 277

  Schellenberg, SS-Gpfh. Walter, 275, 293–4, 346

  Schlesicher Bahnhof, 280

  Schmidtke, Erich, 3, 180

  Schmundt, Maj. Gen. Rudolf, 7

  Schneidemühl, 53, 55, 64, 91

  Schönhausen, 396, 397, 398, 403

  Schörner, Field Marshal Ferdinand, 52, 61, 92, 93, 126, 127, 225, 241, 244–5, 304, 344, 350, 402

  Schwägermann, Günther, 381

  Schwedt, 248

  Schwerin, sack of, 67

  Sebelev, Col. Pyotr, 185–6, 226, 315–16

  Seelow, 222, 229, 243, 246, 254

  Seelow Heights, 70, 71, 165, 209, 216, 222, 223, 225, 228, 229, 234, 241, 243, 256, 273

  Seidemann, Gen., 12

  Selivanovsky, Gen., 420

  Semyonov, Gen. Vladimir Semyonovich, 418

  Serov, Gen. I. A., 64, 99–100, 107

  and Polish forces, 199, 200

  and Berlin, 307, 308, 309

  and uranium, 325–6

  and surrender, 404, 405

  and aftermath, 406, 415, 420

  Seydlitz-Kurzbach, Gen. Walther v., 68, 69, 198

  ‘Seydlitz-truppen’ (German ‘anti-fascists’), 283, 337

  Shatilov, Maj. Gen. V. M., 347, 365

  Shcheglov, Dmitri, 34, 37

  Shtemenko, Gen. S. M., 146

  Siegessäule column, 340, 395

  Siemensstadt, 269, 323

  Simonov, Konstantin, 14, 212, 213, 336, 391–2, 403, 404, 408

  Simpson, Gen. William H., 141, 190, 191, 203, 204, 396

  Skorzeny, SS-Stbnfh. Otto, 174, 175

  SMERSH, 15, 16, 28, 33, 35, 96, 98, 102–3, 416–17

  and Red Army, 128, 185, 207, 228, 422, 423

  and Yakov Djugashvili, 136

  and screening of prisoners of war, 166, 185, 402

  and Polish formations, 199–200

  and Werwolf, 260, 415–16

  and hunting German officers, 300, 415–16

  and Reich Chancellery and death of Hitler, 360, 380, 389, 390, 391, 398, 399

  and post-war, 422, 423

  Sokolovsky, Gen. V. D., 368, 369, 403

  Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 34, 35, 112

  Spaatz, Gen. Carl, 403, 404

  Spandau, 323, 356, 384, 385

  citadel of, 323, 373–7

  Speer, Albert, xxxiii, 9, 10, 60, 171, 431

  and Hitler, 149, 157, 250, 251

  and ‘Nero Order’, 156–8

  and defence of Berlin, 180, 245

  and Berlin Philharmonic, 188–9

  and return to Berlin, 288–90

  on Himmler, 293

  and Germania, 355

  Spremberg, 239, 245

  SS

  camp guards, 86, 155

  Einsatzgruppen, 149

  execution of political prisoners, 181

  massacres in Leipzig area, 191–2

  split in leadership over continuing the war, 194

  Stadtmitte U-Bahn station, 371

  Stalin, Joseph, V., xxxiv, 5, 15, 17, 19, 20, 29, 32, 34, 111, 413

  and East Prussia, 28, 37

  and Holocaust, 38, 46

  and Red Army commanders, 63, 87, 127, 136, 309, 407, 423

  and Yalta, 77–82, 87, 137, 143, 420

  and Poland, 77, 80–82, 99–101, 143, 195, 295–6, 420

  and rear areas, 107

  summons Zhukov to Moscow, 136–7

  and Soviet prisoners of war, 137, 166, 423

  and race for Berlin, 137, 138–9, 142–5, 193–4, 210–11, 229, 232, 234, 240, 242, 265, 296, 307, 354

  and Western Allies, 142, 144, 145–6, 147, 193–4, 195, 210–11, 232–3, 263, 295, 304, 307, 341, 354, 399

  and change of policy on revenge, 197–8

  and Oder Neisse battles, 222, 229–30, 232, 239–40, 242, 248

  and assault on Berlin, 265, 296, 354, 365

  and death of Hitler, 364, 369, 389, 390, 399, 400

  and surrender, 368, 369, 402, 406

  and fear of Zhukov, 407, 425–6, 427

  and post-war Soviet Union, 422

  Stalin, Col. Vasily, 427

  Stalingrad, battle of, xxxiii, 1, 65, 69, 87–8, 91, 97, 138, 178, 216, 230, 316, 317, 392

  Stargard tank battle, 90–91, 125

  State Defence Committee, 137, 166, 325

  Stauffenberg, Col. Claus Schenk Graf v., 7, 320

  Stavka, 15, 25, 26, 78, 79, 80, 83, 86, 137, 144, 146, 147, 165, 211

  and Oder battle, 220, 222, 229, 232, 242

  and battle for Berlin, 256, 298, 390, 391

  and surrender, 304, 369, 400

  Steglitz, 416

  Steinau bridgehead, 62, 125

  Steiner, SS-Obergpfh. Felix, 89, 241, 267, 268, 269, 275, 298, 341

  Stendal, 396

  Stettinius, Edward R. Jnr, 401

  Stolp, 47, 55, 117, 118

  Strausberg, 256, 257, 260

  Strecker, Gen. Karl, 68

  Striegau, 126–7, 128

  Stumpfegger, Dr Ludwig, 252, 357, 380, 381, 383

  Stumpff, Col. Gen., 404, 405

  Stürz, Gauleiter, 159

  Stuttgart, 192

  Sulkhanishvili, Capt. Shota, 214–15, 219, 235, 389

  Supreme Headquarters Allied

  Expeditionary Force Europe

  (SHAEF), 146, 195–6, 202, 304, 305, 402, 429

  Susloparov, Maj. Gen. Ivan, 402

  Swedish diplomats and embassy, 132, 148, 173, 181, 302

  Swiss Red Cross, 298, 329

  T

  Tangermünde, 191, 202, 396

  Tedder, Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur, 19, 20, 98, 140, 141, 142, 143, 403, 404, 405

  Tegel, 385

  Telegin, Lt. Gen. K. F., 216–17, 390

  Tempelhof, 283, 287, 302, 303, 319, 321, 367, 403, 417

  Teupitz, 330, 336

  Thiessen, Prof. Peter, 325

  Tiergarten, 282, 294, 319, 323, 340, 342, 356, 372, 384, 394, 395

  Tilsit, 24

  Tippelskirch, Gen. Kurt v., 148, 173, 400

  Tolbukhin, Marshal F. I., 82–3

  Torgau, 305, 306, 307, 374

  Treptow, 297, 303, 324

  Treuenbrietzen, 286, 298, 328

  Truman, President Harry S., 196, 295, 305, 341, 364

  Tsanava, Gen. L. F., 102, 308

  Tully, Andrew, 305–7

  U

  Ulbricht, Walter, 418

  Unter den Linden, 304

  UPA (Ukrainian nationalist partisans), 100

  US Air Force, 100–101, 403

  and Red Army aviation incidents, 142, 296

  on Elbe front, 202, 263, 285

  last raids on Berlin, 249, 262

  US Army

  6th Army Group, 192

  12th Army Group, 141

  ARMIES

  First, 5, 137, 140, 141, 191, 203

  Third, 141, 146, 191, 200, 203, 325, 364

  Seventh, 192

  Ninth, 141, 190, 200, 202, 203, 204, 396, 397

  DIVISIONS

  82nd Airborne, 194, 291

  101st Airborne, 194, 291

  69th Infantry, 305

  83rd Infantry, 190–91, 202, 203

  84th Infantry, 191

  102nd Infantry, 191

  2nd Armored, 190, 203

  5th Armored, 191, 202

  V

  Vadis, Lt. Gen. Aleksandr, 390, 391, 399

  Vasilevsky, Marshal Aleksandr, 33, 188

  Vienna, 189, 195, 251

  Vishnevsky, Vsevolod, 367, 368

  Vistula offensive, 7, 8, 10, 12–13, 15, 16–18, 19, 20, 84, 165

  Vlasienko, Sergeant, 212

  Vlasov, Gen. Andrey, 72, 182–3, 297, 401, 402

  Vlasovtsy, see ROA Volkssturm

  in East Prussia, 24, 27, 37, 98–9, 102, 103, 175

  recruitment and organization, 39, 40

  in Silesia, 41, 98–9, 175

  guarding and execution of camp prisoners, 41, 155, 191–2

  in Pomerania, 55

  in Berlin and Brandenburg, 70–71, 134, 148, 248

  and defence of Berlin, 178, 209, 245, 262, 271, 287, 296, 300–301, 308, 315, 316, 323, 356

  on Oder front, 182, 219, 221, 240, 258, 265

  Voss, Vice-Admiral, 398

  Vyshinsky, Andrei, 77, 403

  W

  Waffen SS, 8, 39, 42, 54, 86

  and relationship with Army, 72, 241, 333, 334–5, 339

  execution of deserters, 123, 129, 176, 247, 339, 344

  and débâcle in Hungary, 151, 293

  scratch troops, 160

  Fagdverbände, 174

  foreigners in, 257–8, 322–3, 352, 356, 366, 367, 389, 392, 397

  ARMIES

  Sixth SS Panzer, 5, 21, 82, 195

  Eleventh SS Panzer, 88, 89

  CORPS

  III SS Germanische Panzer, 241, 267, 268

  V SS Mountain, 225, 228, 241, 242, 260, 270, 329

  XI SS Panzer, 225, 229, 246, 247, 260, 270, 329

  DIVISIONS

  Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler, 72, 151, 276, 387

  Das Reich, 54

  Feldherrnhalle, 71

  11th SS Nordland, 241–2, 246, 256, 257, 264, 269, 283, 286, 291, 301, 319, 323, 352, 367, 382

  SS Nederland, 241, 397

  30. Fanuar, 72, 133, 182, 208, 219, 242, 270

  Charlemagne, 116

  20th (Estonian), 129

  35th SS Police Grenadier, 332

  36th SS Grenadier, 334

  REGIMENTS AND UNITS

  ‘Danmark’, 257, 258, 302